3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane-modified magnetic quadruple nanocomplex induces apoptosis in MCF7 cell line

Objective(s): Natural compounds, such as Oleuropein, Quercetin, Coumarin, and Valproic acid, play a vital role in preventing the spread and progression of cancer. Oleuropein increases the expression of certain caspases, Quercetin reduces the activity of the PI3K/Akt/IKK-/NF-κB pathway, Coumarin inhibits aromatase, and Valproic acid acts as an inhibitor of histone deacetylases. This study aimed to produce a quadruple magnetic nanocomplex with high bioavailability and to examine whether this nanocomplex can induce apoptosis in MCF7 breast cancer cell lines.Materials and Methods: A silicon bridge (Sio-N-) was built using nanomagnetic iron and methoxysilane to create a magnetic nanocomplex that incorporated the four natural substances. This quadruple nanocomplex was then analyzed using various spectroscopic techniques and measurements. The researchers assessed the inhibitory impact of the nanocomplex on apoptotic genes in the MCF7 breast cancer cell line using the MTT assay, Hoechst staining, flow cytometry, and real-time PCR analysis.Results: The magnetic nanocomplex exhibited a greater level of toxicity and reduced the number of cancer cells compared to any of the individual natural compounds or the quadruple combination without nanoparticles. The quadruple magnetic nanocomplex induced overexpression of the pro-apoptotic genes P53, Bim, and Bak, while reducing the expression of the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl2. Additionally, the nanocomplex treatment increased the expression level of genes involved in apoptosis by up to two-fold.Conclusion: The combination of plant-derived natural compounds and magnetic nanoparticles can enhance the toxicity and concentration of the materials against breast cancer cells. This approach may provide synergistic effects through the modulation of various molecular pathways, leading to the inhibition of cancer cell proliferation and the induction of apoptosis.