A Network of Knowledge: A New Model for Collaborative Digital Reference Services in Iran's Top Universities

Purpose: The study aims to develop a model for collaborative digital reference services among central libraries in Iran’s leading universities. This model seeks to improve access to information, enhance user collaboration, and promote knowledge sharing to elevate reference services.Methodology: This applied research employs a descriptive survey design. The research sample consists of 13 library directors and 42 reference librarians from central libraries of the selected universities. Two researcher-developed questionnaires were used to gather the perspectives of managers and librarians on the implementation of collaborative reference services. Content validity was verified by nine experts in knowledge and information science, while Cronbach's alpha was used to assess reliability. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS, Excel, and Visio software.Findings: The key elements for establishing collaborative reference services include users, user interfaces, electronic resources, librarians, telecommunications infrastructure, software and hardware facilities, and budget. Participants emphasized the importance of providing digital reference services within libraries and fostering collaboration among central libraries. However, significant barriers to implementation were identified, including inadequate telecommunications infrastructure, limited hardware facilities, and insufficient financial support from relevant authorities.Conclusion: The study proposes a conceptual and practical model aimed at meeting the needs of the academic community and facilitating the circulation of knowledge. The model focuses on the principles of knowledge-based collaboration, aiming to create an integrated and participatory platform for accessing information and knowledge. Within this framework, students and faculty actively engage with information specialists in a digital space to exchange knowledge and enhance research efforts.Value:This study offers a practical model for implementing collaborative digital reference services in Iran’s top university libraries. It provides valuable insights for library managers, policymakers, and researchers, highlighting key elements and barriers to implementation. The findings contribute to the existing literature and offer actionable strategies to improve information access, enhance collaboration, and facilitate knowledge sharing in academic libraries.