Facile Plant Mediated Phytofabrication Antibacterial and Molecular Docking Evaluation of Silver and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles With an Aqueous Extract of Bidens Pilosa

Nanoparticles are in high demand owing to their diverse array of usages in areas like medicine, catalysis, chemistry, electronics, and energy. Metallic nanoparticles are frequently synthesized via wet chemical methods, which involve the use of toxic and flammable substances. As a result, the biogenesis of nanoparticles using diverse plant resources is considered a green technique since it does not require any toxic substances. Bidens pilosa leaves were utilized in the green fabrication of silver oxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles (AgO & ZnO NPs) in this work. The aqueous leaf extract of Bidens pilosa was utilized to produce AgO & ZnO NPs. The phytofabricated nanoparticles were confirmed with various spectroscopic and microscopic techniques like ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-Ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The fabrication of the produced NPs was validated with UV- Vis spectra, which showed a blue-shifted absorption maxima at 400 and 372 nm for AgO and ZnO NPs. The FT-IR spectra displayed peaks at 476 and 475.84 cm-1 revealed the presence of Ag-O and Zn-O vibrations. SEM examination displayed the spherical and sponge-like morphology of phytofabricated AgO and ZnO NPs. HR-TEM analysis demonstrated spherical morphology for both AgO and ZnO NPs. XRD studies revealed face centered cubic and hexagonal wurtzite crystal structure for AgO and ZnO NPs. The synthesized AgO and ZnO NPs were assessed for their antibacterial properties towards various pathogenic bacteria by using disc diffusion technique. The AgO and ZnO nanoparticles showed higher antibacterial activity against E. coli with the MIC value of 20 and 22 µg/mL compared to standard ciprofloxacin with the MIC value of 25 µg/mL. The synthesized AgO and ZnO NPs exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against B. cereus with the MIC value of 24 and 28 µg/mL than standard ciprofloxacin with the MIC value of 50 µg/mL. The AgO Nps showed higher antibacterial activity with the MIC value of 18 µg/mL towards P. aeruginosa than standard ciprofloxacin with the MIC value of 20 µg/mL.