De desplazamientos y migraciones en el Siglo de oro. Fijación y límites del género "relato de viaje"

[EN] Of displacements and migrations in the Golden Age. Setting and limits of the genre travelogue. This essay oπers a vision of the travel literature of the Golden Age based on the concept of factuality. A distinction is made between the travelogue (factual) and the travel novel (fictional), with emphasis on the former, whose twofold condition, poetic and historiographic, has sometimes restricted its consideration as a properly literary genre. Travel literature will allow us to trace certain general characteristics of other genres, such as the Byzantine or the picaresque novel, whose fictional displacements in the first case and false autobiography in the second, distance them from the travelogue genre properly speaking. Some attention is paid to four texts which, despite their appearance of actual travelogues, are fictional journeys and, therefore, classifiable as travel novels. We propose the tales of the discovery of the New World, the tales of pilgrimage, and the tales of shipwrecks (the latter with a lesser presence in our literature) as the most representative of the travelogue genre in the Golden Age. Finally, three more travel stories are proposed that could form part of the corpus which, in view of the above, will continue to expand with new proposals in the future.