Low-carbon economic dispatch considering P2G and load flexibility characteristic under carbon trading mechanism

In order to reduce the carbon emission of regional integrated energy system (RIES), promote the consumption of renewable energy and optimize the operating cost of the system, a low-carbon economic dispatch strategy of RIES under the carbon trading mechanism that takes into account the characteristics of power-to-gas (P2G) and load flexibility is proposed. The ladder-type carbon trading mechanism, two-stage and multi-module P2G, and the mathematical model of flexible electricity, heating, and cooling loads have been established, and the aforementioned models are incorporated into the RIES optimization scheduling framework. An optimal scheduling strategy of RIES with multiple energies coupling and multiple objectives coordination optimization is developed, with costs of carbon trading, operation and maintenance, load response and wind/light abandonment being considered. Then, an energy optimal scheduling program is coded and case studies under various operating modes are conducted. The results show that, the stepped carbon trading mechanism can effectively reduce carbon emissions, and the carbon emission reduction cost increment and micro-increase rate can be used as an important basis for configuring the parameters of the carbon trading mechanism. Furthermore, it is shown that the two-stage and four-module of P2G model, also denoted as "EL+MR+HFC+hydrogen storage tank" model, is more accurate than others to simulate the operating characteristics of P2G. Finally, the flexible scheduling of all elements on the comprehensive load can mitigate the energy supply pressure during peak energy consumption periods and consequently improve the comprehensive operation efficiency of the system.