Technological Advancements in Reducing Carbon Emissions in Maritime Transportation: A Literature Survey

This research examines technological advancements designed to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the maritime industry, offering recommendations for researchers and practitioners to promote sustainability.The study's motivation is the shipping sector's significant contribution to global carbon dioxide emissions, presenting a challenge to achieving carbon neutrality by 2050.The research analyzed 210 papers published between 2011 and 2024 from Scopus using bibliometric techniques and VOSviewer software.By applying the modularity community detection algorithm, seven key themes were identified: alternative fuels like LNG and ammonia, hybrid and electric power systems, renewable energy sources (solar, wind, wave), energy-efficient engine technologies, integration of alternative power systems, carbon capture and storage (CCS), and ship-network optimization.Key findings highlight the increasing focus on renewable energy and alternative fuels since 2018, particularly ammonia, hydrogen, and electricity.CCS technologies, gaining attention since 2021, show potential for reducing CO2 emissions through long-term storage.The research underscores the need for integrating diverse technologies and optimization algorithms to reduce GHG emissions effectively while balancing efficiency and costs.Governments, businesses, and communities are encouraged to prioritize renewable energy, explore advanced technologies like AI and blockchain, and expand efforts in CCS to ensure a sustainable future for the shipping industry.