Design and test of C-band linac prototypes for electron flash radiotherapy

FLASH Therapy, a novel cancer treatment technique, aims to control the tumor-grown sparing the healthy tissue from radiation damage, increasing the therapeutic index. Translating FLASH therapy into clinical practice, especially for treating deep-seated tumors, necessitates achieving Very High Electron Energy (VHEE) levels within the 50-150 MeV range [2]. In the framework of the SAFEST project [3–7], Sapienza University, in collaboration with INFN, is actively developing a compact C-band linac demonstrator at the energy of 24 MeV (loaded) with a 100 mA peak current. This paper provides insights into the design strategy and electromagnetic characteristics, focusing on prototype testing and tuning conducted at the Sapienza Accelerator Laboratory. The progress of this innovative linac represents a step toward realizing an advanced FLASH VHEE source in cancer treatment.