An In-Depth Examination Of Oil Spill Liability & Accountability: A Comparative Study Of India's Legal Framework And International Perspectives

This research paper offers a comprehensive examination of oil spill liability and accountability, focusing on a comparative analysis of India's legal framework in relation to international perspectives. Oil spills represent significant environmental, social, and economic challenges that cause long-lasting damage to ecosystems, threaten public health, and disrupt local communities reliant on natural resources. The study investigates the multifaceted impacts of oil spills, highlighting the immediate and prolonged consequences for marine and terrestrial environments, local economies, and public health. It further explores India's regulatory landscape regarding oil spill incidents, evaluating its strengths and limitations in enforcing liability and remediation obligations. By contrasting India's laws with international conventions, such as the International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage, this research identifies critical gaps and emphasizes the need for enhanced legal measures and compliance mechanisms. Ultimately, the paper advocates for a more robust framework for oil spill accountability to ensure effective response strategies, promote environmental sustainability, and safeguard vulnerable communities from the far-reaching impacts of oil pollution.