Prospects for the Development Path of Highway PV-Storage-Charging Integration Under the Background of Transportation and Energy Integration

[Introduction] The rapid development of new energy vehicles (NEVs) brings higher requirements for the power demand of highways. Based on the analysis of the power loads of highways, the photovoltaic endowment, and the energy storage technologies suitable for highway service areas in China, this paper explores the self-consistency of the highway transportation and energy integration mode of the PV-Storage-Charging integrated development path, and combines practical engineering project to demonstrate and analyze the feasibility of the highway transportation and energy integration mode. [Method] By analyzing the total mileage of highways in China, the market penetration rate of NEVs, and the PV & energy storage resources of highway transportation, based on the potential increase in highway power load due to the growth of NEVs and the utilization space of photovoltaic resources in highway transportation, a comprehensive energy utilization mode of PV-Storage-Charging for highway service areas was proposed. Combined with existing projects of self-consistent modes of transportation and energy integration, suggestions were proposed for the integrated development mode of highway PV-Storage-Charging. [Result] Data indicates that by 2025, the national stock of NEVs will exceed 25 million, consuming 37.5 TWh of electricity, showing tremendous potential for electricity demand. At the same time, the abundant photovoltaic resources along and around roads in China have a photovoltaic generation potential of approximately 1022.8 TW, while the calculated annual energy consumption of highway infrastructure is approximately 17.99 TW. [Conclusion] The main path of integration between transportation and energy should start with developing wind and photovoltaic natural resource endowments based on the infrastructure of road transportation itself, and forming a self-consistent supply of transportation energy systems, thereby constructing a distributed, green, renewable, and net zero-emission energy supply system for transportation systems. The integrated development path of PV-Storage-Charging transportation and energy integration can consume renewable energy locally, alleviate grid pressure while promoting the clean energy utilization of highways, showing immense potential. This paper can provide theoretical support and reference for the development of highway transportation and energy integration in China.