Robustness: Regular difference-in-differnece analysis.

<p>This table estimates a standard difference-in-differences specification as a robustness check to the synthetic difference-in-differences analysis presented in the main body of the paper. Specifically, we follow the same steps to construct treatment and control groups, then estimate the following regression:\n</p><p></p>\nIn this specification, <i>κ</i><sub><i>n</i></sub> represents newspaper fixed effects, and <i>ζ</i><sub><i>t</i></sub> represents time fixed effects (FE), both of which absorb the individual treatment and post-period coefficients. Standard errors are clustered at the newspaper level to account for within-newspaper correlation.<p></p> <p>(PDF)</p>