Association between serum Caveolin-1 level and hemorrhagic transformation in patients with acute ischemic stroke after intravenous thrombolysis with alteplase

Objective To investigate the association between serum Caveolin-1 level and hemorrhagic transformation (HT) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) after intravenous thrombolysis with alteplase. Methods A total of 124 patients with AIS who underwent intravenous thrombolysis with alteplase in our hospital from June 2020 to November 2021 were enrolled as subjects, and according to the presence or absence of HT, they were divided into HT group with 19 patients and non-HT group with 105 patients. A total of 40 individuals who underwent physical examination during the same period of time were enrolled as control group. Serum Caveolin-1 level was measured and compared between groups, and the HT group and the non-HT group were compared in terms of the clinical indices including sex, age, body mass index, smoking history, hypertension history, diabetes history, coronary heart disease history, atrial fibrillation history, blood pressure on admission, random venous blood glucose on admission, serum low-density lipoprotein on admission, TOAST classification, and baseline NIHSS score. A logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the influencing factors for HT in AIS patients after intravenous thrombolysis with alteplase. Results The HT group and the non-HT group had a significantly higher serum level of Caveolin-1 than the control group on admission (t=10.937,7.873,P<0.05), and compared with the non-HT group, the HT group had a significantly higher serum Caveolin-1 level on admission (t=6.356,P<0.05). There were significant differences between the HT group and the non-HT group in age, diabetes history, atrial fibrillation history, random venous blood glucose on admission, baseline NIHSS score, and the composition ratio of patients with different TOAST classifications (t=2.868,5.721,Z=12.546,P<0.05). The logistic regression analysis showed that the increases in serum Caveolin-1 level on admission and baseline NHISS score were independent risk factors for HT after intravenous thrombolysis with alteplase in AIS patients (P<0.05). Conclusion The increase in serum Caveolin-1 level on admission is a risk factor for the onset of HT in AIS patients after intravenous thrombolytic with alteplase, which has a certain va-lue in predicting HT after thrombolytic therapy.