The Challenges of the National Recovery and Resilience Plan and of Asymmetric Regionalism: A Resilience Opportunity for Italian Regions?

More than twenty years after the constitutional reform aimed at enhancing territorial autonomy in Italy, the relations between the State and the Regions are still based on an architecture that, in various sectors of the legal system, does not seem updated to the new framework. In particular, the State has not fully reconciled decentralization with equity of access to essential levels of services (ELS) concerning civil and social rights that must be guaranteed throughout the national territory. The implementation of fiscal autonomy of territorial governments is partial and not homogeneous. These critical issues must now be understood in light of the mandatory provisions of the National Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRRP) aimed at enacting fiscal federalism and the will expressed by the Parliament to implement asymmetric regionalism but only after the determination of the ELS. The obligations stemming from this framework make clear the implementation of the constitutional framework can no longer be postponed