Dynamic Monitoring and Ventilation Parameter Coupling Optimization for PM

This study systematically investigates ventilation-coupled PM2.5 dispersion dynamics in healthcare settings through multi-parametric monitoring of moxibustion-generated particulate pollution. Experimental results demonstrate height-dependent nonlinear interactions between exhaust airflow rates and PM2.5 concentrations, where reducing exhaust hood installation heights to ≤20 cm enhanced particulate control efficiency by 4.3–5.2-fold compared to conventional 30 cm configurations, validating the critical need for geometric optimisation. Hybrid ventilation modes induced severe airflow interference, elevating PM2.5 mass concentrations by 146.8% relative to standalone mechanical exhaust, with window-integrated operations exhibiting the most pronounced instability (58% higher concentration fluctuations than closed-environment scenarios). The developed “closed-environment + low-height mechanical exhaust (115 m3/h)” protocol achieved dual optimisation of control efficacy and operational stability, maintaining patient breathing zone concentrations below 50 μg/m3 across all test cycles. These findings provide empirical validation for revising dynamic pollution source monitoring thresholds in the Indoor Air Quality Standard (GB/T 18883-2022), particularly addressing real-time control requirements for medical spaces with intermittent high-emission activities.