Liquid Metal-Enhanced\nPVA-ANF/MXene Hydrogels for\nElectromagnetic Shielding and Sensing

With the further advancement of communication technology\nand wearable\ndevices, it is imperative to develop multifunctional electromagnetic\nshielding materials. In this context, we propose a feasible approach\nto construct liquid metal-enhanced poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)-aramid\nnanofiber (ANF)/MXene hydrogels for electromagnetic shielding and\nsensing. By leveraging the excellent conductivity of MXene nanosheets,\nwe successfully prepared three-dimensional flexible PVA-ANF/MXene@Ga\nhydrogels (PAMG) through the three-dimensional network structure of\nPVA hydrogels and the mechanical reinforcement of ANFs. With the phenomenon\nof charge polarization relaxation, multiple interfaces are formed\namong MXene@Ga, ANFs, and PVA, thus enhancing the mechanical properties\nand electromagnetic shielding efficiency of the hydrogels. The PAMG\nhydrogels exhibit an electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of 35.7\ndB and a higher water retention capability (with water retention exceeding\n60% after 28 days). Furthermore, the hydrogels demonstrate outstanding\nsensing performance and exhibit high stability for a wide range of\nhuman motion detection signals. The research findings indicate that\nthe MXene nanosheet-based electromagnetic shielding hydrogel holds\ngreat potential as an ideal platform for multifunctional electromagnetic\nshielding materials.