Multipedal DNA\nWalker: Engineering Strategy, Biosensing\nApplication and Future Perspectives

With the continuous development of DNA nanotechnology,\nDNA walkers\nhave attracted increased attention because of their autonomous and\nprogressive walking along predesigned tracks. Compared with the traditional\nDNA walkers, the emerged multipedal DNA walkers showed their special\ncharm with sustainable walking capability, higher reaction efficiency,\nexpanded walking region, and improved amplification capability. Consequently,\nmultipedal DNA walkers have developed rapidly and shown potential\nin biosensing applications. Hence, in this review, we make a comprehensive\nrepresentation of the engineering strategy of multipedal DNA walkers,\nwhich focused on the design of multiple walking strands as well as\nthe construction of tracks and driving forces. Meanwhile, the application\nof multipedal DNA walkers in biosensors has been thoroughly described\naccording to the type of biosensing signal readout. By illustrating\nsome representative works, we also summarized the merits and challenges\nof multipedal DNA walker-based biosensors and offered a deep discussion\nof the latest progress and future.