Flexible Dual-ModeStretchable and Rotatable TriboelectricNanogenerator for Arm Movement Detection

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have gained significant attention in recent years, yet challenges such as limited output power and unidirectional energy harvesting persist in conventional designs. To address these issues, this study introduces a dual-mode stretchable and rotatable TENG (SR-TENG). The SR-TENG operates in two modes: vertical contact separation and rotational contact separation. The base of the structure is made of origami technology, and the material is environmentally friendly cowhide paper. The positive and negative electrode materials of SR-TENG are nylon and micropatterned PDMS films (G-PDMS), respectively. It is worth noting that its performance is significantly improved over the traditional TENG, and it has a high output performance in both modes. Additionally, an arm motion monitoring system integrating with the SR-TENG enabled real-time motion monitoring. This creative design not only enhances output performance but also enables multidirectional energy harvesting, expanding its potential for sustainable energy and intelligent applications.