Assessment of the\nMigration of Polar Compounds from\nPetroleum-Contaminated Soil Using a Column Leaching Experiment

When petroleum leaks\ninto soil, the polar compounds exhibit\nstrong\nbiological toxicity, causing serious damage to soil animals, plants,\nand microorganisms and potentially threatening human health. However,\nthe systematic comprehension of the migration of polar compounds in\npetroleum-contaminated soil remains limited. Herein, we employed elemental\nanalysis, stable carbon isotope analysis, and high-resolution mass\nspectrometry techniques to study the migration of polar compounds\nin petroleum-contaminated soil using a column leaching experiment.\nThe results indicate that petroleum migration ability in soil is limited,\nand the compounds are primarily concentrated in the soil above 40\ncm. The C/N, C/H, and δ<sup>13</sup>C ratios of organic matter\nin soils are highly affected by petroleum contamination. Meanwhile,\nthe different compound classes show varying migration abilities, with\nN<sub>1</sub> and N<sub>1</sub>O<sub>1</sub> compounds exhibiting\nstronger adsorption capacity on soil, while oxygen-containing compounds\nare more likely to migrate with water to deeper soil. Additionally,\nmolecular polarity, unsaturation degree, and size are key factors\naffecting the migration of polar compounds in petroleum within the\nsoil. This simulation experiment offers valuable insights into comprehending\nmigration of polar compounds in petroleum-contaminated soil and their\npotential impacts for soil ecological environment.