MWCNTs/C60 “Grape-like”\nNanostructures\nfor Enhancing Piezoelectric Performance in PVDF Nanofibers through\nConstructing Localized Conductive Domains

Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) piezoelectric nanofibers\ngain significant\nattention for flexible electronic devices, yet their low piezoelectric\nconversion efficiency remains a critical barrier to broader application.\nIn this study, multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are combined\nwith fullerene (C60) to form a distinctive “grape-like”\nnanostructure (MC), which is then embedded into the PVDF matrix via\nelectrospinning to produce PVDF/MC composite nanofibers. The incorporation\nof MC increases the β-phase content of the PVDF nanofibers by\n11.07%, enhancing their piezoelectric properties, and also acts as\nlocalized conductive domains and stress concentration centers, synergistically\nboosting the output performance of the piezoelectric devices. Consequently,\npiezoelectric devices based on PVDF/MC-3 wt % composite nanofibers\nexhibit voltage and current outputs 559.1% and 1382.8% higher than\nthose of pure PVDF, respectively. This innovative strategy of leveraging\n“grape-like” nanostructures to enhance PVDF’s\npiezoelectric performance represents a promising pathway toward achieving\nefficient energy conversion in piezoelectric materials.