Carbon-Based\nSolid Acids for the Preparation of Renewable\nJet Fuel and Diesel Range Alkanes

Carbon-based solid acid catalysts were prepared from\npolycarbonate\nwaste by methanolysis, polymerization with polyformaldehyde, calcination,\nand sulfonation. These catalysts were very active in the hydroxyalkylation/alkylation\n(HAA) reactions between 2-methylfuran (2-MF) and furfural. Under mild\nreaction conditions, the PC-180 catalyst produced a good yield (79.1%)\nof the HAA product from furfural and 2-MF, equivalent to that of Nafion\nresin (81.1%). The remarkable efficiency of PC-180 can be comprehended\nby its high acid content and enhanced hydrophilicity, as determined\nthrough scanning electron microscopy, contact angle measurement, and\ninfrared spectroscopy. Furthermore, this catalyst proved to be universal\nin the HAA reactions of 2-MF with different carbonyl compounds. After\nhydrodeoxygenation over the Ni/AlPO<sub>4</sub>-800 catalyst, these\nHAA products can be selectively transformed into jet fuel and diesel\nrange branched alkanes.