THE ROLE OF BIOCERAMICS IN MODERN DENTISTRY: FROM EARLY INNOVATIONS TO FUTURE DIRECTIONS

The use of bioceramics in modern dentistry has significantly evolved, offering enhanced clinical outcomes in various procedures. This article reviews the development and application of bioceramic materials, focusing on their biocompatibility, ability to stimulate tissue regeneration, and chemical stability. Notable materials such as Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) and Biodentine are highlighted for their role in endodontic treatments and bone regeneration. The paper also discusses innovations in the synthesis and functionalization of bioceramics, including doping with various elements and the integration of nanotechnology, which have led to advancements such as faster setting times and improved antimicrobial properties. Furthermore, the article provides a historical perspective on the transition from early bioceramics to bioactive materials like hydroxyapatite, emphasizing their impact on implantology and bone tissue regeneration. The future directions of bioceramics, including their potential in regenerative medicine and the development of materials with enhanced antimicrobial activity, are explored.