<b>Demonstration of the Uniqueness of the Loop in Collatz Sequences Based on Digital Roots and Graph Theory.</b>

This study demonstrates that the loop 4, 2, 1, 4 is the only possible loop in Collatz sequences, using adetailed analysis of the digital roots of the numbers involved and modeling the system as a directedgraph. Through this approach, it is shown that the mathematical properties of digital roots and therules of the Collatz conjecture make the existence of other loops impossible. It is concluded that,based on this analysis, no other loops can exist in Collatz sequences.

Publication Details

Journal
Figshare
Published
2025-01-01
DOI
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.28518398.v1
Primary Topic
Benford’s Law and Fraud Detection
Type
article
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article

Demonstration of the Uniqueness of the Loop in Collatz Sequences Based on Digital Roots and Graph Theory.

Figshare
Benford’s Law and Fraud Detection
article

Demonstration of the Uniqueness of the Loop in Collatz Sequences Based on Digital Roots and Graph Theory.

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Abstract

This study demonstrates that the loop 4, 2, 1, 4 is the only possible loop in Collatz sequences, using adetailed analysis of the digital roots of the numbers involved and modeling the system as a directedgraph. Through this approach, it is shown that the mathematical properties of digital roots and therules of the Collatz conjecture make the existence of other loops impossible. It is concluded that,based on this analysis, no other loops can exist in Collatz sequences.

Figshare
Reduced inequalities
Openalex Percentile: Top 60%
Benford’s Law and Fraud Detection
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<b>Demonstration of the Uniqueness of the Loop in Collatz Sequences Based on Digital Roots and Graph Theory.</b> · Figshare (2025) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS