Spectrum of saline-Sono-Hysterosalpingographic findings in women with infertility in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria

Background: This study investigated the effectiveness of saline-sono- hysterosalphingography (S-SHSG) in diagnosing infertility causes among women in a tertiary hospital in Abuja, Nigeria. Aims and Objectives: To describes the various findings in the endometrial cavity and the fallopian tubes in women of reproductive age with infertility. Materials and Methods: Researchers enrolled 200 infertile women undergoing S-SHSG at a local hospital. Data on demographics, infertility history, and S-SHG findings were collected. Results: Nearly half the participants fell within the 30–39-year age range. Secondary infertility was more frequent than primary infertility. The average duration of infertility was 8.7 years. Over half the women (52.5%) exhibited abnormal S-SHSG results. Submucous myomas (19.5%), polyps (11.0%), and adhesions (13.5%) were the most frequently detected endometrial cavity abnormalities. Fallopian tubal patency assessment revealed, bilateral patency in 61.5% of the women, unilateral patency in 21.5%, and bilateral blockage in 16.0%. Conclusion: Overall, this research reinforces the use of S-SHSG as a safe and effective diagnostic method for investigating female infertility. The high prevalence of abnormalities underscores the importance of S-SHSG in infertility evaluations. The study acknowledges limitations such as occasional inability to fully assess the uterine cavity and a restricted evaluation of the cervix.