Brugmansia suaveolens leaf and flower-derived Silver nanoparticle gel with antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-Inflammatory potency

The rising demand for environmentally friendly technologies has spurred research into nanoparticle production methods utilizing biological agents. This study investigates the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using extracts from Brugmansia suaveolens leaves and flowers as reducing agents. The nanoparticles were thoroughly characterized using DPPH assay, UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Both leaf and flower extracts were assessed for their antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory properties, confirming the presence of bioactive compounds such as amines, carbohydrates, alkaloids, glycosides, saponins, and flavonoids. The synthesized AgNPs exhibited crystalline structures with average sizes of 102.7 nm (flower extract) and 75.2 nm (leaf extract), demonstrating robust antioxidant activities and effective inhibition against pathogens including Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Xanthomonas campestris, and Aspergillus niger. These AgNPs were incorporated into gel formulations, evaluated for physical characteristics and in vitro diffusion properties. Notably, batch F6 showed exceptional skin penetration, with 84.96% of nanoparticles penetrating goat skin. Overall, these findings highlight the potential of AgNPs-loaded gel formulations as promising therapeutic options for chronic injuries and mild burns, warranting further in vivo studies to assess safety and efficacy.