Unveiling mystical medicinal plant Moringa oleifera Lam. (Moringaceae) leaf bioactive compound beneficial in alleviating gastrointestinal diseases from Satpura Hills

Abstract In this study, crude extracts from the leaves of Moringa oleifera Lam in different solvents such as water, ethanol, acetone, benzene, and n-hexane were obtained using the Soxhlet extraction method. Various macro and microelements like Ca-4.13 mg/L, Fe-8.34 mg/L, K-6.41 mg/L, Mg-3.99 mg/L, Na-4.21 mg/L, Zn-0.76 mg/L, and Cu-0.46 mg/L were estimated by using atomic absorption spectroscopy. The ethanolic leaf extracts were screened using different preliminary tests for analysis. From Phytochemical and FT-IR analyses confirmed the presence of bioactive compounds. The total phenol content was analyzed by colorimetric total phenolic assay performed using the Folin–Ciocalteu (F–C) reagent, and the total flavonoid content of the extract was determined by the aluminum chloride calorimetric method. Vitamin E, Tetracosane, Taraxasterol Acetate, Linolenic acid, Phytol, 1-Pentacosene, 1-Heptacosene, 1-Nonacosene were the major compounds obtained from the leaf ethanolic extract using GC-MS. The DPPH (2,2-diphenyl- 1-picrylhydrazyl), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), nitric oxide (NO), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays showed lower DPPH and ferric-reducing antioxidant activity than the standard pure butylated hydroxytoluene. Antimicrobial screening was performed against fungi; bacillus subtilis, staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli showed zones of inhibition at 16mm, 14mm, 15,mm and 15 mm, respectively.