Electoral System Design and Democratic Representation: A Comparative Study of Proportional Representation (PR) and First-Past-the-Post (FPTP) with Implications for Sierra Leone

This paper explores the comparative strengths and limitations of Proportional Representation (PR) and First-Past-the-Post (FPTP) electoral systems in shaping democratic outcomes. Using Sierra Leone as a post-conflict case study, it integrates systems thinking, comparative policy analysis, and global evidence to assess how electoral design influences representation, accountability, and stability. The study argues that PR offers a more inclusive framework for fragmented societies, while recommending a phased, consultative approach to reform. It concludes with actionable strategies for institutional strengthening and democratic consolidation in Sierra Leone and similar contexts.