Endometrial Microbiome (NGS method) and its Effect on Fertility

Recent scientific advances have challenged the traditional view of the uterine cavity as a sterile environment, revealing the presence of a distinct endometrial microbiome. This discovery has prompted growing interest in its potential role in female fertility, particularly in assisted reproductive technologies (ART). The composition of the endometrial microbiome-especially the dominance or depletion of Lactobacillus species-appears to influence implantation success and pregnancy outcomes. Dysbiosis, including conditions such as chronic endometritis, may be associated with recurrent implantation failure (RIF) and unexplained infertility. Despite promising findings, current evidence remains limited and sometimes contradictory, highlighting the need for further research. This review explores the emerging understanding of the endometrial microbiome, its clinical implications in infertility and the future potential of targeted microbial interventions.