Knowledge, Attitude and Practices on Cervical Cancer and HPV Vaccination among Adolescent Medical Students: A Cross –Sectional Study

Abstract Introduction: Cervical cancer accounts for 6-29% of all cancers among Indian women, with approximately 96,922 new cases and 60,078 deaths annually. HPV types 16 and 18 are responsible for 70% of cervical cancers. Despite the availability of HPV vaccines, uptake remains poor due to low awareness, misinformation, and financial constraints. Medical students play a crucial role in educating communities about HPV prevention. However, gaps in their knowledge and advocacy efforts need to be addressed. Aim: This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding cervical cancer and HPV vaccination among medical students, highlighting gaps and potential strategies for improving vaccine uptake. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 450 MBBS students (250 first-year and 200 second-year) at Rajarajeswari Medical College and Hospital between May and July 2024. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire assessing knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding cervical cancer and HPV vaccination. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 20, with chi-square tests applied for significance testing (p < 0.05 considered significant). Result: Second-year students had significantly higher knowledge about cervical cancer and HPV vaccination than first-year students (p < 0.05). However, confidence in discussing HPV vaccination (45% vs. 22%) and participation in awareness programs (40% vs. 25%) remained low. Despite strong support for HPV vaccination (80% vs. 65%), uptake was hindered by financial constraints (60%), fear of side effects (50%), and perceived low risk (48%), highlighting a gap between knowledge and practice. Conclusion: Despite good theoretical knowledge, practical implementation of HPV vaccination advocacy remains inadequate among medical students. Structured educational interventions, vaccine affordability, and awareness campaigns are essential to bridge the gap between knowledge and practice, ultimately enhancing HPV vaccine acceptance.