The Origin of Cats in Ancient Civilizations: From Granary Guardians to Mystical Protectors of the Afterlife

This article investigates the origins and cultural significance of cats from prehistory to major ancient civilizations. The earliest archaeological evidence dates back 9,500 years at Shillourokambos, Cyprus, where an African wildcat (Felis silvestris lybica) was deliberately buried with a human, reflecting a spiritual bond beyond practical use. In ancient Egypt, cats became sacred animals, most prominently associated with the goddess Bastet and millions of feline mummies have been discovered. In ancient China, cats were linked with protecting granaries, repelling spirits, and balancing cosmic energy in Feng Shui traditions. In South America and Mesoamerica, cats and larger felines such as jaguars symbolized supernatural guardianship and acted as spiritual guides to the afterlife. The study demonstrates that cats were not merely domestic companions, but enduring symbols of mystical power, immortality and cultural values shared across civilizations.