Clinical Study of Syndactyly

Background: Syndactyly, defined as the congenital fusion of two or more digits, results from failed differentiation or incomplete separation during embryonic development. It is recognized as the second most frequently occurring congenital anomaly of the upper limb, with an estimated prevalence of 1 in every 2,000 to 3,000 live births. This study aims to explore the clinical and anatomical characteristics associated with congenital syndactyly. Methods: This retrospective analysis included patients diagnosed with congenital syndactyly and admitted to the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery at GMCH, Guwahati, over a 20-month period. Following ethical committee approval, relevant clinical data and patient images were retrieved from the hospital’s medical records and departmental documentation. Results: Twelve patients with congenital syndactyly were evaluated. Findings indicated a higher prevalence among male patients, frequent occurrence of bilateral and symmetrical involvement, and most commonly, the involvement of the third interdigital space. Three patients were diagnosed with Apert syndrome. Additional anomalies, including brachydactyly and polydactyly, were noted in four patients. Conclusions: The observations in this study closely align with previously published data. This investigation enhances the understanding of the clinical profile and anatomical patterns associated with syndactyly.