Cyber Harassment and Exploitation of Women on Social Media: Perspective of Positive Law and Islamic Law

This study investigates the regulation and application of Indonesia's positive law alongside Islamic legal perspectives on cyber harassment and women's exploitation on social media. In the fast-changing digital landscape, gender-based violence online, including sexual harassment and unauthorized sharing of personal data, has become a pressing issue requiring increased legal focus. Indonesia has implemented various regulations such as the Electronic Information and Transaction Law (UU ITE), the Pornography Law, and the Sexual Violence Crime Law (TPKS Law) to tackle these challenges. Nevertheless, the study indicates that law enforcement still faces significant hurdles, specifically in terms of effective implementation and sufficient victim protection. From the view of Islamic law, both cyber harassment and the exploitation of women are breaches of personal dignity and honor, which must be protected. Islamic tenets, especially those associated with maqāṣid al-sharī'ah (objectives of sharia), highlight the crucial need to preserve life, honour, and property, thus categorizing cyber harassment as a punishable act. Although classical Islamic jurisprudence does not specifically address cyber harassment, its principles can be applied to protect women from violence and digital misuse. In conclusion, this study reveals parallels between Indonesian positive law and Islamic law in their approaches to protecting women, despite their distinct methodologies. Indonesia's positive law provides a more organized legal framework for handling cyberspace cases, while Islamic law stresses broader ethical and moral values. Therefore, combining these two legal systems is vital to strengthen the safeguarding of women on social media and in the digital realm whole