SOIL FERTILITY: NATURAL AND ARTIFICIAL FACTORS

This article explores the factors affecting soil fertility, focusing on both natural and artificial influences. Natural factors such as climate, relief, parent material, biological processes, and time are analyzed for their role in shaping soil productivity. Artificial factors, including human activities like crop rotation, fertilization, irrigation, land reclamation, and other agronomic practices, are examined for their impact on maintaining and enhancing soil fertility. The article also reviews modern scientific approaches aimed at preserving soil resources and preventing land degradation. Based on the research findings, practical recommendations are provided for the sustainable use of soil and agricultural productivity.