PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL BASIS AND HORMONAL FACTORS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF HYPERTENSION

This article explores the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the development of hypertension, with a special emphasis on the hormonal factors that contribute to elevated blood pressure. Hypertension, one of the most prevalent cardiovascular disorders worldwide, results from a complex interplay between genetic predisposition, environmental influences, and dysregulation of multiple physiological systems. The article discusses how alterations in renal function, vascular resistance, and sympathetic nervous system activity lead to chronic elevation of arterial pressure. Particular attention is given to the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), vasopressin, and other endocrine factors such as catecholamines and natriuretic peptides. The review also highlights the feedback loops and receptor sensitivities that sustain hypertensive states over time. Understanding these hormonal contributions is essential for identifying therapeutic targets and improving the management of hypertensive patients. Overall, the paper aims to provide a comprehensive view of how hormonal imbalance acts as a key driver in the pathogenesis of hypertension.