Herbal Antimicrobial Agents Used against Periodontal Pathogens

Periodontal diseases is a broad spectrum of inflammatory diseases which results in degeneration of Periodontium and involves all the supporting structures of teeth like gingiva, periodontal ligament, cementum and alveolar bone etc. followed by loss of teeth. WHO had estimated that 10-15% of the world population is suffering from severe periodontal status. It is multifactorial infectious disease due to virulent microbial growth on teeth. The primary purpose of this study is to give systemic update on periodontal disease in terms of its stages, occurrence, pathophysiology, diagnosis, management and treatment. The pathophysiology of periodontal disease is linked to dental plaque, microbial biofilm formation and host cell's immunogenicity. The severity of the disease is related to risk factors and chronological stages. Prevention is achieved through the regular oral hygiene. Microbial biofilm development can be managed by a host of surgical and nonsurgical treatment methods available for the same. Daily care and periodic control prevent aggravation of condition and exhibit obvious enhancement of oral condition.