CUTTING-EDGE TECHNIQUES IN SYNTHESIZING NONIONIC SURFACTANTS FROM REGIONAL FEEDSTOCKS

Emphasizing sustainable chemistry, it reviews enzymatic synthesis from plant oils and sugars, chemical modification of lignocellulosic biomass, microbial fermentation, and green catalytic systems. The discussion highlights regional applications, benefits, and challenges, underscoring the potential for economic growth and environmental sustainability through the valorization of local agricultural and biomass resources. The article aims to provide insights for researchers, industry stakeholders, and policymakers interested in green surfactant production.