Climate Change Adaptation Strategies of Fishes in India

Climate change, driven by greenhouse gas emissions and unsustainable development, has significant implications for fisheries, affecting species distribution, productivity, and aquaculture practices. The impact of rising ocean temperatures and shifting environmental conditions is evident in Indian fisheries, with species like Stolephorus and oil sardines exhibiting altered migration patterns. The Pearlspot, a brackish water species, and other aquatic organisms are adapting to these changes by adjusting their habitats and behaviors. Additionally, the Indian mackerel and False Trevally are expanding their ranges in response to environmental shifts. Changes in spawning seasons and habitat availability are also observed, with temperature fluctuations influencing the timing and success of reproduction for species like threadfin breams. These ongoing shifts underscore the need for adaptive strategies in fisheries management to address both the positive and negative impacts of climate change. Adaptations in fish behavior, distribution, and aquaculture practices are crucial for mitigating the adverse effects of climate change on the fisheries sector, which plays a critical role in food security and the livelihoods of millions. This study emphasizes the importance of understanding these changes and preparing for future challenges in global and Indian fisheries management.