Integrating theory and practice in linguistics

Abstract. This article explores the interconnected theoretical and practical dimensions of linguistics, emphasizing the significance of each in understanding and applying language knowledge. Theoretical linguistics focuses on the structural aspects of language, including phonology, morphology, syntax, and semantics, providing the foundational principles that govern language systems. In contrast, practical linguistics applies this knowledge to real-world contexts such as language teaching, translation, speech therapy, legal linguistics, and modern technologies like machine translation and speech recognition. Through the use of descriptive, structural-semantic, sociolinguistic, and historical-comparative methods, the study demonstrates how both aspects of linguistics contribute to a comprehensive understanding of language. The analysis affirms that theoretical and practical linguistics are mutually supportive, with theory guiding application and practical challenges inspiring theoretical advancement. Ultimately, the article concludes that a balanced approach, integrating both theoretical and applied perspectives, is essential for the continued development and relevance of linguistic science.