Realism in International Relations: A Comparison Between Western and Islamic (Qur'an) Perspectives

This study aims to look at the similarities and differences between realist concepts in International Relations theory and Islam in the context of the Qur'an, which is the holy book of Muslims. Where the understanding of basic realist concepts such as human nature, international anarchy system, and power can not only be understood from social phenomena, but also can be learned from the Qur'an (old manuscript) and Tafsir (Exegesis). This study uses combination of two approaches, qualitative combine Tafsir approach (Maudhu'i). The main data is taken from relevant literature and books including the Qur'an Tafsir. Anarchy for realists is caused by the negligence of the absence of supreme power (government) which causes war. Meanwhile, in Islam anarchy is caused because there is no legitimate supreme power in the world of God the Owner of nature, so that humans are required to follow God's will such as doing justice, peace, fulfilling promises, cooperation. The leader (khalifah) is an extension of God's command to carry out His guidance in managing the earth. For realists humans are egoistic and evil creatures as innate characteristics, in Islam humans are inseparable from the gift of their duality, namely "syahwat" and "ghadab" which if mismanaged will cause "fasad (damage)" (chaos). This study is useful for general readers and researchers who are interested in the Islamization of social sciences, especially International Relations, in getting a basis for thinking (postulates) in particular. The results show clearer understanding of the similarities and differences. Keywords: Concept, International Relations, Realism, Qur’an