Return Migration as a Catalyst for Endogenous Development: Strategies for Valorization in the Béni Mellal-Khénifra Region

This study examines the potential of return migration as a driver of endogenous development in the Béni Mellal-Khénifra (BMK) region of Morocco. It explores how the skills, knowledge, and financial capital of returning migrants can contribute to local economic revitalization. Relying on a qualitative, documentbased methodology, the research draws primarily on the strategic report Les filières stratégiques de l’économie marocaine (Progettomondo, 2019), supplemented by academic literature and national policy frameworks, including the National Strategy for Moroccans Living Abroad (SNMRE, 2018). The findings highlight BMK’s promising assets: a strong agricultural and agro-industrial base bolstered by the Green Morocco Plan, underexploited ecotourism potential, a vibrant artisanal economy, and improved infrastructure such as airports and industrial zones. The region also maintains strong transnational ties, with 14.9% of Moroccans in Europe linked to BMK. A growing number of returnees are launching small businesses, particularly in trade and services. However, structural barriers remain. Many returnees face difficulties reintegrating due to limited recognition of foreign-acquired skills and constrained access to employment, especially for women and lower-skilled individuals. Although policies supporting return exist, such as the SNMRE and IOM-assisted programs, they remain fragmented and insufficiently tailored to regional realities. To unlock the full developmental potential of return migration, a more cohesive strategy is needed—one that strengthens vocational support, facilitates access to financing, and values diaspora know-how. With adequate support, returnees could play a key role in fostering inclusive and sustainable development in BMK