INVESTMENT IN BIOTECHNOLOGY IN THE BRAZILIAN AGRICULTURE

This article examines the structural effects of biotechnology adoption in Brazilian agriculture, with emphasis on the economic, socio-environmental, and institutional outcomes derived from the integration of scientific innovations into rural production systems. The investigation is grounded in a theoretical framework that combines the principles of bioeconomy, technological innovation, and agricultural sustainability, with particular attention to the transformations driven by genetically modified cultivars. Methodologically, the study adopts a qualitative approach of exploratory nature and deductive logic, combining specialized bibliographic research with the empirical collection of data through questionnaires administered to key sectoral stakeholders. The empirical analysis, conducted through the triangulation of primary and secondary data, reveals that biotechnology—when integrated with optimized agronomic practices and supported by structured public policies—induces significant gains in physical productivity, resource-use efficiency, and economic profitability, while also contributing to the mitigation of negative environmental externalities. It is concluded that biotechnology functions as a technopolitical vector for the reconfiguration of agri-food systems, whose effectiveness depends on the robustness of institutional ecosystems and the democratization of access to scientific innovation in rural territories.