Seasonal Variations Of Physico–Chemical Parameters Of Khaji Kotnoor Reservoir, Kalaburagi District, Karnataka.

The present study examines the seasonal fluctuations in physico-chemical parameters of the Khaji Kotnoor reservoir, located in Kalaburagi district, Karnataka. In aquatic ecosystems, these parameters are crucial indicators of water quality, significantly influencing both ecological health and human usage. The deterioration of water quality is largely attributed to the extensive application of agricultural chemicals like pesticides and fertilizers, along with the discharge of urban waste into water bodies. Consequently, regular monitoring of water quality is essential. This investigation aimed to assess seasonal variations by collecting water samples from four different sites across the reservoir over a one-year period, from January to December 2023. The parameters analysed included atmospheric and water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, free carbon dioxide, total dissolved solids (TDS), chloride, calcium, magnesium, phosphate, and sulphate. The study revealed seasonal changes in the concentrations of these parameters, which were then compared with standards set by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS). Findings indicate that the Water Quality Index (WQI) remains within acceptable limits, making the water suitable for domestic use.