Basics of Application of Biosensors in Veterinary Medicine

Biosensors have emerged as a transformative technology in veterinary medicine, offering rapid, sensitive, and specific detection of pathogens, biomarkers, and contaminants relevant to animal health and food safety. These analytical devices integrate biological recognition elements with physicochemical transducers to convert biorecognition events into measurable signals. Recent technological advances have enhanced biosensor performance, enabling point-of-care diagnostics, real-time monitoring, and multiplex detection. In veterinary practice, biosensors are applied across a broad spectrum of areas, including disease diagnosis, metabolic and reproductive health monitoring, animal welfare assessment, and the detection of foodborne pathogens and veterinary drug residues in animal-derived products. Electrochemical, optical, piezoelectric, and thermal biosensors, coupled with various bioreceptors such as enzymes, antibodies, and nucleic acids, have been developed to identify a wide range of bacterial, viral, and parasitic agents. As biosensor technologies continue to evolve, they are expected to play an increasingly vital role in improving diagnostic precision, enhancing animal health and welfare, and ensuring the safety of the food supply chain.