Ultrasonography and Conventional Cytology Profiles of Thyroid Swellings and Their Concordance in Patients of a Tertiary Care Hospital in West Bengal

Introduction: Ultrasonography (US) is the most common and most useful way to image the thyroid gland andits pathology, as recognized in guidelines for managing thyroid disorders published by the American ThyroidAssociation and other authoritative bodies.Aims: The aim of this study is to evaluate the profiles of thyroid swellings using ultrasonography andconventional cytology, and to assess the concordance between these two diagnostic methods in the accurateclassification and management of thyroid lesions.Materials & Methods: The present study was an observational cross-sectional study. This study was conductedfrom one year (January 2023-December 2023) at College of Medicine and Sagore Dutta Hospital. Total 126patients were included in this study.Result: In TIRADS 1, the majority of cases were classified as Bethesda II (78.6%), followed by Bethesda I(14.3%) and Bethesda III (7.1%). For TIRADS 2, Bethesda II remained predominant (84.6%), with smallerproportions falling into Bethesda I (5.1%), Bethesda III (2.6%), and Bethesda V (7.7%). In TIRADS 3, caseswere more evenly distributed: Bethesda II (37.0%), Bethesda III (33.3%), Bethesda IV (18.5%), and Bethesda V(11.1%). Among TIRADS 4 cases, Bethesda II accounted for 35.5%, followed by Bethesda III (29.0%),Bethesda IV (16.1%), Bethesda V (9.7%), and Bethesda VI (9.7%).Conclusion: In conclusion, this study highlights the valuable role of both ultrasonography and conventionalcytology in the assessment of thyroid swellings. The findings suggest that ultrasonography, particularly throughthe TIRADS system, is effective in stratifying thyroid nodules based on their risk, while cytology providesessential diagnostic confirmation.