Sustainable Cement, Concrete, and Building practices

This report investigates sustainable practices in cement and concrete production, focusing on reducing the industry's significant carbon footprint. It begins by outlining the environmental impact of conventional cement, particularly the CO₂ emissions from clinker production. The report then synthesises scientific and industry-based solutions, including low-carbon alternatives like limestone calcined clay cement (LC³), geopolymer concrete, and carbon capture technologies such as CarbonCure and Norcem's initiatives. It also highlights the role of circular economy strategies, like recycling materials and using industrial waste as supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs). Finally, the report proposes practical strategies for eco-friendly construction, such as substituting OPC with SCMs, adopting low-carbon concrete mixes, and implementing green procurement policies. Overall, it presents a roadmap for decarbonising concrete through innovation, policy, and industry collaboration.