Antibiotic Utilization and Comparative Study of Therapies in Lower respiratory Tract Infections among Pediatrics in Tertiary care Hospitals

Aim: This study aims to assess the utilization of Antibiotics and compare the therapies in Lower respiratory tract infections among Paediatrics in Tertiary care hospitals. Methodology: This Prospective, observational study was conducted in the Pediatric Department of A tertiary care hospital for over 6 months. The patient profile sheets analyzed the Data of Pediatric patients diagnosed with lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI). Result: A total of 152 pediatric patients were evaluated, in which male predominance was seen by 55.92% followed by female 44.07%. Pneumonia was the most common condition (81.57%) of the total pediatric patients, most of the subjects were from the age group 4-7 years accounted for 38.15% of total pediatric population. Monotherapy was preferred in 61.18% of patients, who had a shorter hospital stay compared to dual therapy and polytherapy. Conclusion: The study revealed the predominant use of β-lactam antibiotic (Ceftriaxone) as well as the most preferred combination therapy was β-lactam + Glycopeptide antibiotic (Vancomycin). A positive trend towards monotherapy was observed. These findings can guide the development of evidence-based treatment protocols for LRTI in paediatrics.