Nanotechnology-Based Diagnosis and Treatment of Fungal Infections

Fungal infections are an increasing concern in clinical settings, particularly among immunocompromised individuals. These infections, caused by pathogens such as Candida, Aspergillus, and Cryptococcus, are often difficult to diagnose and treat due to limitations in conventional antifungal therapies and diagnostics. Emerging drug resistance and toxicity further compound these challenges. Nanotechnology offers innovative solutions for both the diagnosis and treatment of fungal infections. This review explores how nanomaterials, including metal nanoparticles, liposomes, dendrimers, and quantum dots, are revolutionizing fungal infection management. We also discuss the current challenges in clinical translation and propose future directions for research and development in this area.