Case Report of Chronic Asymptomatic Chagas Disease: "The Importance of Epidemiological Laboratory Surveillance" at the Institute of Security and Social Services of Workers of the State of Mexico

Chagas disease, also known as American trypanosomiasis, is a neglected parasitic infection caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, primarily transmitted through hematophagous triatomine insects. Endemic across Latin America, the disease poses a significant public health challenge, especially in impoverished rural and peri-urban areas. Its complex transmission cycle involves wild, domestic, and peridomestic reservoirs, with the vector playing a central role. Although most infections remain asymptomatic during the chronic phase, the disease can lead to severe cardiac and gastrointestinal complications. Diagnosis relies on serological, parasitological, and clinical evaluations, while treatment options are limited to the acute phase with antiparasitic drugs that have notable side effects. Epidemiological surveillance shows underdiagnosis, emphasizing the need for early detection and integrated control strategies. This review highlights the disease's epidemiology, transmission dynamics, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and current control measures, with a case illustration from Mexico demonstrating the importance of vigilant detection and management efforts to prevent progression and transmission.