Review on Floating Drug Delivery System

Floating Drug Delivery Systems (FDDS) represent a promising approach to enhance the bioavailability and controlled release of drugs, especially those that are absorbed in the upper gastrointestinal tract or require prolonged gastric retention. This review explores the fundamental concepts, classification, mechanisms, advantages, disadvantages, and applications of FDDS. The system relies on buoyant dosage forms that float on gastric fluids, thereby extending gastric residence time and improving drug absorption. Effervescent and non-effervescent systems, along with raft-forming and hollow microsphere technologies, are discussed in detail. The paper also outlines physiological factors affecting gastric retention, criteria for drug selection, and the challenges associated with FDDS. Advances in formulation techniques and polymer science continue to support the development of effective gastro-retentive drug delivery platforms, offering better therapeutic outcomes and improved patient compliance.