Harnessing modeling techniques to decode the progenitors and environment of Type II Supernovae

Transient observations are essential to many significant discoveries in astronomy. A major challenge in the coming years will be developing tools and methodologies to manage the rapidly increasing number of supernovae (SNe) detected by wide-field transient surveys and unravel their complex formation scenarios. Achieving this will deepen our understanding of the physical processes driving stellar progenitors, shedding light on how stars evolve and how their environments influence the diversity of transient phenomena. In this talk, I will present detailed light curve modeling and analysis of four distinct Type II supernovae: SN 2019nyk with early narrow emission lines, indicating interactions with a confined circumstellar medium; the low-luminosity SN 2018is, providing insights into lower-energy explosion mechanisms; the linearly declining, luminous SN 2021tsz, revealing clues about high luminosity sources; and the peculiar Type IIL/IIb SN 2018ivc, with unique photometric and spectral traits. By examining these diverse cases, I will explore how variations in progenitors and environments significantly shape light curve profiles and expansion velocities, contributing to the observed variety in Type II SNe. Additionally, I will discuss how these models connect theoretical predictions with observational data, offering new insights into stellar death and the role of environments in these explosive events.