Cultural Diplomacy across the Mekong Subregion: Cambodia's Soft Power Diplomacy in Southeast Asia

Abstract This study examines Cambodia’s deployment of cultural diplomacy as a strategic soft power tool in the Mekong region and its broader implications for regional cooperation within ASEAN. Cambodia, a small but culturally rich nation, has used its heritage assets, including Angkor Wat, traditional performing arts, and Theravāda Buddhist traditions, to boost its diplomatic profile and strengthen regional ties. Cambodia has emerged as a proactive actor in an era when ASEAN states are turning increasingly to soft power to advance peace, integrating, and sustainable development. It is using cultural diplomacy to build relations with Mekong neighbors like Vietnam, Laos, Thailand, and Myanmar. The report looks at major programs like heritage diplomacy, cultural festivals, and people-to-people interactions that have enabled Cambodia to contribute to regional peacekeeping, economic cooperation, and environmental awareness. It also addresses domestic and geopolitical concerns that influence Cambodia's cultural diplomacy, such as the country's political system, economic constraints, and regional competition. The research presents policy proposals to boost Cambodia's cultural diplomacy, such as increased youth participation, digital engagement, and stronger leadership in ASEAN cultural platforms. Finally, the findings establish Cambodia's program as a viable model for other small and medium-sized states looking to exert influence through soft power. This study contributes to the burgeoning literature on cultural diplomacy and regional soft power by offering new perspectives on Cambodia's evolving diplomatic posture in Southeast Asia. Keywords: Cambodia, cultural diplomacy, ASEAN, the Mekong area, and regional cooperation