Therapeutic Potential of Pterocarpus Marsupium: From Traditional Medicine to Modern Pharmacological Applications with Its Phytochemistry

Pterocarpus marsupium, a versatile medicinal plant belonging to the Fabaceae family, has been extensively used in traditional medicine systems like Ayurveda for its therapeutic properties. The plant, native to India and Southeast Asia, is known for its bark, heartwood, and resin, which contain bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, and stilbenes. These compounds have demonstrated antidiabetic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties in various pharmacological studies. P. marsupium has been traditionally used to treat diabetes, digestive issues, wound healing, and as an anti-inflammatory agent. Recent scientific research has focused on validating its medicinal potential, particularly in managing blood sugar levels and promoting overall health. The plant's active compounds have been explored for their ability to regulate blood sugar levels, improve pancreatic function, and reduce oxidative stress. Additionally, P. marsupium has shown neuroprotective, analgesic, and memory-enhancing activities in animal models. The plant's extracts have also exhibited antibacterial and antihyperlipidemic properties. Due to its medicinal and timber value, P. marsupium has gained commercial interest for cultivation. To guarantee the sustainable management of its populations in the wild, conservation measures are required. To completely understand the mechanisms of action and therapeutic effectiveness of P. marsupium's bioactive substances in treating a variety of illnesses, more research is required.